How to Time the Market with Momentum

If you were paying attention to the big momentum plays this quarter, you could have pinpointed when the market [2] was ready to turn lower.

Now, with short-term losses mounting, you might have the chance to spot [3] the first buying opportunity by monitoring these very same stocks. When the momentum names begin to catch a bid, we could see the beginnings of an oversold bounce that would send stocks higher in the short-term…

During the first half of 2012, investors fully dedicated their efforts to Wall Street [4]’s momentum darlings. These are the “hot stocks” in the midst of multimonth bull [5] runs. Expectations run high with these momentum names. Valuations run even higher.

It is a ridiculous notion to wait for a correction [6] (or even a pullback) before buying these red-hot stocks. After all, the share price will never fade. Or so the frenzied logic goes…

It’s probably no surprise to you that Apple was the de facto drum major of the momentum marching band. Apple shares [7] shot up more than $230 between Jan. 1 and mid-April — when the furious momentum rally finally topped out.

Apple’s pullback — and the eventual pullbacks in several other overhyped stocks — was inevitable. Apple was displaying all of the classic signs of a blowoff top. The investing public was convinced shares could go nowhere but up. Analysts and the financial media joined the party with their own irrational expectations, including $1,000-plus price projections and declarations that any fund manager [8] who didn’t own Apple should be immediately fired…

But just when the stock appeared to be completely unstoppable, shares abruptly reversed.

The selling wasn’t outright panic. As of this writing, it remains orderly. The market didn’t take an ax to the Apple tree. It only shook it a bit.

It’s how turning points are born. Shorts shake the branches to see if any weak hands fall from the tree. They’re after the low-hanging fruit. These are the folks who bought shares near the height of the rally. Their conviction is far weaker than that of the long-term investors sitting on substantial gains. So they sell. The selling puts enough downward pressure on the price to convince other longs to part with their shares.

Of course, disbelief prompts many buy-and-hold [9] investors to hold shares of a falling stock much longer than they probably should. There are (and will continue to be) many investors who will stand by Apple — even if its decline accelerates. After all, Apple is a great company that makes interesting, in-demand products. But even if expectations from Apple faithful remain high, we doubt the stocks’ incredible performance during the first half of 2012 will be matched anytime soon…

It wasn’t just technology or high-priced stocks that caught the attention of momentum investors.

Smith & Wesson Holding Corp. (NASDAQ: SWHC [10]) — which I recommended to my premium readers in December 2011 — was swept up in the rally that began on Jan. 3.

I didn’t somehow predict the buying frenzy would begin as soon as we recommended the stock. We knew Smith & Wesson shares had held up well during the height of the European crisis last fall. And we had multiple fundamental reasons for picking up shares when we did.

From a fundamental perspective, Smith & Wesson was improving its operations. Management had already started the process of unloading the company’s underperforming security division. Revenue and guidance strengthened as management concentrated on building the company’s core gun manufacturing business.

Gun sales were growing across the board. In fact, gun sales actually booked a one-day record the day after Thanksgiving 2011. The FBI reported a record number of background checks, adding up to nearly 130,000 gun buyers on the day. The old record was set in 2008 — at only about 98,000.

Stories highlighting record-breaking sales throughout the gun industry began to gain traction in the media shortly after our initial recommendation. Attitudes regarding firearms ownership were improving. More and more women were taking to gun ranges across the country. These tangible stories took hold with investors — and the trend that initially pushed shares of Smith & Wesson above $4 in December began to accelerate. A momentum play was born.

By early April, Smith & Wesson shares more than doubled, to $8. With the successes of high-priced momentum plays fresh in their minds, traders and investors jumped at the opportunity to own shares of this fast-moving stock.

But Smith & Wesson was not immune to the momentum sell-off. Shares gave back more than $1 in a matter of hours in early May as new concerns over the economy [11] and eurozone surfaced. Shares have recovered somewhat. And we’re still hanging onto open gains of approximately 95%. But the warning bell has sounded. It’s time to be extra vigilant as skittish investors rush to raise cash during uncertain market conditions.

While the secret of Smith & Wesson’s potential is now more widely known, the stock has a much better chance at weathering the momentum sell-off than some of the more closely followed names on the market. Traders shook Smith & Wesson’s tree. But investors have stepped back up to the plate and bought back shares.

Only time will tell if the stock will consolidate and move higher from here. If Smith & Wesson and other momentum names catch a bid, we could get our first signal of a move higher.